libft.h File Reference

/* ************************************************************************** */
/*                                                                            */
/*                                                        :::      ::::::::   */
/*   libft.h                                            :+:      :+:    :+:   */
/*                                                    +:+ +:+         +:+     */
/*   By: tgrekov <tgrekov@student.hive.fi>          +#+  +:+       +#+        */
/*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
/*   Created: 2023/10/23 14:26:57 by tgrekov           #+#    #+#             */
/*   Updated: 2023/12/12 09:35:47 by tgrekov          ###   ########.fr       */
/*                                                                            */
/* ************************************************************************** */
 

Definition in file libft.h.

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

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Data Structures
struct	s_list
	Linked list node. More...

Macros
#define	FT_LONG_MAX   9223372036854775807L
	Not allowed to include limits.h.

Typedefs
typedef struct s_list	t_list
	Linked list node.

Functions
int	ft_atoi (const char *str)
	Converts ASCII string str to integer representation.
void	ft_bzero (void *s, size_t n)
	Write n zeroes to byte string at pointer s.
void *	ft_calloc (size_t count, size_t size)
	Allocates count * size bytes with malloc and returns a pointer to the result.
int	ft_isalnum (int c)
	Is c an alphanumeric character.
int	ft_isalpha (int c)
	Is c an alphabetical character.
int	ft_isascii (int c)
	Is c in the ASCII character range.
int	ft_isdigit (int c)
	Is c a numeric character.
int	ft_isprint (int c)
	Is c a printable character.
char *	ft_itoa (int n)
	Converts integer n to an allocated ASCII string.
void	ft_lstiter (t_list *lst, void(*f)(void *))
	Iterates over a list and applies the function f over each node.
void	ft_lstadd_back (t_list **lst, t_list *new)
	Adds node at pointer new to the end of the list starting at pointer pointed to by lst.
void	ft_lstadd_front (t_list **lst, t_list *new)
	Insert node new into the start of the list pointed to by the pointer at lst.
void	ft_lstclear (t_list **lst, void(*del)(void *))
	Delete every node in a list along with it's content.
void	ft_lstdelone (t_list *lst, void(*del)(void *))
	Delete a node and it's content.
t_list *	ft_lstlast (t_list *lst)
	Get the last node in a list.
t_list *	ft_lstmap (t_list *lst, void *(*f)(void *), void(*del)(void *))
	Iterate over a list and create a new one from the results of applying f to the content of each node.
t_list *	ft_lstnew (void *content)
	Allocates a new node, set it's content, and return it's address.
int	ft_lstsize (t_list *lst)
	Counts the number of nodes in a list.
void *	ft_memchr (const void *s, int c, size_t n)
	Finds first occurence of c in byte string at s within n bytes.
int	ft_memcmp (const void *s1, const void *s2, size_t n)
	Compares n bytes of byte string s1 against byte string s2.
void *	ft_memcpy (void *dst, const void *src, size_t n)
	Copies n bytes from byte string src to byte string dst.
void *	ft_memmove (void *dst, const void *src, size_t len)
	Copies len bytes from byte string src to byte string dst non-destructively.
void *	ft_memset (void *b, int c, size_t len)
	Fills len bytes of byte string b with value c.
void	ft_putchar_fd (char c, int fd)
	Write character c to file descriptor fd.
void	ft_putendl_fd (char *s, int fd)
	Write string at pointer s followed by a newline to file descriptor fd.
void	ft_putnbr_fd (int n, int fd)
	Converts integer n to it's ASCII representation and writes it to file descriptor fd.
void	ft_putstr_fd (char *s, int fd)
	Write string at pointer s to file descriptor fd.
char **	ft_split (char const *s, char c)
	Split string s by characer c into allocated array of strings, with NULL as the last element.
char *	ft_strchr (const char *s, int c)
	Finds first occurence of character c in string s.
char *	ft_strdup (const char *s1)
	Allocates memory for, copies to, and returns a duplicate of s1.
void	ft_striteri (char *s, void(*f)(unsigned int, char *))
	Applies function f to each character of string s.
char *	ft_strjoin (char const *s1, char const *s2)
	Allocates enough space for and appends string s2 to string s1 and returns the new string.
size_t	ft_strlcat (char *dst, const char *src, size_t dstsize)
	Appends at most dstsize - ft_strlen(dst) - 1 characters of string src to the end of string dst.
size_t	ft_strlcpy (char *dst, const char *src, size_t dstsize)
	Copy at most dstsize - 1 characters from string src into dst.
size_t	ft_strlen (const char *str)
	Get length of str.
char *	ft_strmapi (char const *s, char(*f)(unsigned int, char))
	Allocates and creates a new string from the output of function f processing each character of string s.
int	ft_strncmp (const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n)
	Compare up to n characters of string s1 with string s2.
char *	ft_strnstr (const char *haystack, const char *needle, size_t len)
	Finds first occurence of needle in string haystack.
char *	ft_strrchr (const char *s, int c)
	Finds last occurence of c in string at s.
char *	ft_strtrim (char const *s1, char const *set)
	Allocates and returns a copy of s1 with any successive characters found in string set removed from the start and end.
char *	ft_substr (char const *s, unsigned int start, size_t len)
	Allocates and returns a substring of s, starting at s + start, and ending no later than s + start + len.
int	ft_tolower (int c)
	Convert uppercase letter to corresponding lowercase letter.
int	ft_toupper (int c)
	Convert lowercase letter to corresponding uppercase letter.

Macro Definition Documentation

FT_LONG_MAX

#define FT_LONG_MAX   9223372036854775807L

Not allowed to include limits.h.

Definition at line 29 of file libft.h.

Function Documentation

ft_atoi()

int ft_atoi

(

const char *

str

)

Converts ASCII string str to integer representation.

Converts the initial numerical portion of the string at pointer str to int representation.

Numerical portion may be preceded by a singular optional + or - sign.

Parameters

[in]

str

Null-terminated string containing integer

Return values

int	Result of conversion, unless the value (handled as a long during conversion), would overflow or underflow, in which case it returns FT_LONG_MAX or FT_LONG_MAX - 1, respectively.

Definition at line 42 of file ft_atoi.c.

References ft_isdigit(), and FT_LONG_MAX.

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ft_bzero()

void ft_bzero	(	void *	s,
		size_t	n
	)

Write n zeroes to byte string at pointer s.

Parameters

[in]	s	Pointer to start of byte string
[in]	n	Number of zeroes to write

Definition at line 28 of file ft_bzero.c.

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ft_calloc()

void * ft_calloc	(	size_t	count,
		size_t	size
	)

Allocates count * size bytes with malloc and returns a pointer to the result.

Parameters

[in]	count	Number of objects to allocate for
[in]	size	Size of each object

Return values

void*

Freeable pointer to allocated memory after it is filled with zeroes If either count or size are 0, returns ft_calloc(1, 1). If the multiplication of count and size overflows, returns NULL.

Definition at line 34 of file ft_calloc.c.

References ft_bzero(), and ft_calloc().

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ft_isalnum()

int ft_isalnum

(

int

c

)

Is c an alphanumeric character.

Parameters

[in]

c

Character to test

Return values

int	ft_isalpha(c) || ft_isdigit(c)

Definition at line 29 of file ft_isalnum.c.

References ft_isalpha(), and ft_isdigit().

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ft_isalpha()

int ft_isalpha

(

int

c

)

Is c an alphabetical character.

Parameters

[in]

c

Character to test

Return values

int	1 if c is within either of the ranges A - Z or a - z, otherwise 0

Definition at line 27 of file ft_isalpha.c.

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ft_isascii()

int ft_isascii

(

int

c

)

Is c in the ASCII character range.

Parameters

[in]

c

Character to test

Return values

int	1 if c is within the range 0 - 127, otherwise 0

Definition at line 26 of file ft_isascii.c.

ft_isdigit()

int ft_isdigit

(

int

c

)

Is c a numeric character.

Parameters

[in]

c

Character to test

Return values

int	1 if c is within the range 0 - 9, otherwise 0

Definition at line 26 of file ft_isdigit.c.

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ft_isprint()

int ft_isprint

(

int

c

)

Is c a printable character.

Parameters

[in]

c

Character to test

Return values

int	1 if c is within the range ' ' - ~

Definition at line 26 of file ft_isprint.c.

ft_itoa()

char * ft_itoa

(

int

n

)

Converts integer n to an allocated ASCII string.

Parameters

[in]

n

Integer to convert

Return values

char*

Null-terminated string containing an ASCII representation of n, preceded by '-' if n is negative. If allocation fails, returns NULL.

Definition at line 50 of file ft_itoa.c.

References ft_calloc().

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ft_lstadd_back()

void ft_lstadd_back	(	t_list **	lst,
		t_list *	new
	)

Adds node at pointer new to the end of the list starting at pointer pointed to by lst.

If lst is NULL, does nothing.
If pointer at lst is NULL, sets pointer at lst to new.
Otherwise sets next property of the last node in the list to new

Parameters

[in,out]	lst	Pointer to pointer to first node in the list.
[in]	new	Pointer to the new node to add

Definition at line 35 of file ft_lstadd_back_bonus.c.

References ft_lstlast(), and s_list::next.

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ft_lstadd_front()

void ft_lstadd_front	(	t_list **	lst,
		t_list *	new
	)

Insert node new into the start of the list pointed to by the pointer at lst.

If lst or new are NULL, does nothing.
Sets next property of node at pointer new to address at pointer lst and sets pointer at lst to new

Parameters

[in,out]	lst	Pointer to pointer to first node in the list.
[in]	new	Pointer to the new node to add

Definition at line 34 of file ft_lstadd_front_bonus.c.

ft_lstclear()

void ft_lstclear	(	t_list **	lst,
		void(*)(void *)	del
	)

Delete every node in a list along with it's content.

Parameters

[in,out]	lst	Pointer to a pointer to the first node in the list
[in]	del	Function used to properly handle the deletion of the node's content

Definition at line 31 of file ft_lstclear_bonus.c.

References ft_lstdelone(), and s_list::next.

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ft_lstdelone()

void ft_lstdelone	(	t_list *	lst,
		void(*)(void *)	del
	)

Delete a node and it's content.

Parameters

[in,out]	lst	Pointer to the first node in the list
[in]	del	Function used to properly handle the deletion of the node's content

Definition at line 29 of file ft_lstdelone_bonus.c.

References s_list::content.

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ft_lstiter()

void ft_lstiter	(	t_list *	lst,
		void(*)(void *)	f
	)

Iterates over a list and applies the function f over each node.

Parameters

[in]	lst	Pointer to the first node in the list
[in]	f	Function which accepts the content of a node

Definition at line 30 of file ft_lstiter_bonus.c.

References s_list::content, and s_list::next.

ft_lstlast()

t_list * ft_lstlast

(

t_list *

lst

)

Get the last node in a list.

Parameters

[in]

lst

Pointer to the first node in the list

Return values

t_list*

Pointer to the last node in the list

Definition at line 28 of file ft_lstlast_bonus.c.

References s_list::next.

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ft_lstmap()

t_list * ft_lstmap	(	t_list *	lst,
		void *(*)(void *)	f,
		void(*)(void *)	del
	)

Iterate over a list and create a new one from the results of applying f to the content of each node.

Parameters

[in]	lst	Pointer to the starting node
[in]	f	Function which takes the content of the current node and returns the content for the new node
[in]	del	Function used to properly handle deletion of each node's content in the new list, should allocation fail

Return values

t_list*

Pointer to the first node in the new list

Definition at line 35 of file ft_lstmap_bonus.c.

References s_list::content, ft_lstadd_back(), ft_lstclear(), ft_lstnew(), and s_list::next.

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ft_lstnew()

t_list * ft_lstnew

(

void *

content

)

Allocates a new node, set it's content, and return it's address.

Parameters

[in]

content

Value to set the content property to

Return values

t_list*

Pointer to the allocated node

Definition at line 29 of file ft_lstnew_bonus.c.

References s_list::content, and s_list::next.

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ft_lstsize()

int ft_lstsize

(

t_list *

lst

)

Counts the number of nodes in a list.

Parameters

[in]

lst

Pointer to first node in the list

Return values

int	Length of the list

Definition at line 28 of file ft_lstsize_bonus.c.

References s_list::next.

ft_memchr()

void * ft_memchr	(	const void *	s,
		int	c,
		size_t	n
	)

Finds first occurence of c in byte string at s within n bytes.

Check is done as unsigned char

Parameters

[in]	s	Byte string haystack to search
[in]	c	int needle to find
[in]	n	Number of bytes to check

Return values

void*

Pointer to first occurence of needle c in haystack s. NULL if none is found within n bytes.

Definition at line 33 of file ft_memchr.c.

ft_memcmp()

int ft_memcmp	(	const void *	s1,
		const void *	s2,
		size_t	n
	)

Compares n bytes of byte string s1 against byte string s2.

Comparisons are done with unsigned char.

Parameters

[in]	s1	First byte string to compare
[in]	s2	Second byte string to compare
[in]	n	Number of bytes to compare

Return values

int	Result of subtracting the differing byte of s2 from that of s1. If no difference was found in n bytes, returns 0.

Definition at line 34 of file ft_memcmp.c.

ft_memcpy()

void * ft_memcpy	(	void *	dst,
		const void *	src,
		size_t	n
	)

Copies n bytes from byte string src to byte string dst.

Copy is always performed from end to start.
If your dst starts at any point after your src, even if they overlap, this function is safe.
If your dst starts prior to your src and overlaps it, or there is a possibility of this happening, use ft_memmove.

Parameters

[in]	dst	Pointer to destination byte string
[in]	src	Pointer to source byte string
[in]	n	Number of bytes to copy

Return values

void*

dst

Definition at line 36 of file ft_memcpy.c.

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ft_memmove()

void * ft_memmove	(	void *	dst,
		const void *	src,
		size_t	len
	)

Copies len bytes from byte string src to byte string dst non-destructively.

src and dst may overlap in any manner, the function will switch copy directions to ensure the data is copied non-destructively.

Parameters

[in]	dst	Pointer to destination byte string
[in]	src	Pointer to source byte string
[in]	len	Number of bytes to copy

Return values

void*

dst

Definition at line 34 of file ft_memmove.c.

ft_memset()

void * ft_memset	(	void *	b,
		int	c,
		size_t	len
	)

Fills len bytes of byte string b with value c.

Parameters

[in,out]	b	Pointer to start of byte string
[in]	c	Integer representation of value to write (cast to unsigned char)
[in]	len	Number of bytes to write

Return values

void*

b

Definition at line 31 of file ft_memset.c.

ft_putchar_fd()

void ft_putchar_fd	(	char	c,
		int	fd
	)

Write character c to file descriptor fd.

Parameters

[in]	c	Character to write
[in]	fd	File descriptor to write to

Definition at line 28 of file ft_putchar_fd.c.

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ft_putendl_fd()

void ft_putendl_fd	(	char *	s,
		int	fd
	)

Write string at pointer s followed by a newline to file descriptor fd.

Parameters

[in]	s	Pointer to string to write
[in]	fd	File descriptor to write to

Definition at line 29 of file ft_putendl_fd.c.

References ft_putchar_fd(), and ft_putstr_fd().

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ft_putnbr_fd()

void ft_putnbr_fd	(	int	n,
		int	fd
	)

Converts integer n to it's ASCII representation and writes it to file descriptor fd.

Parameters

[in]	n	Integer to convert
[in]	fd	File descriptor to write to

Definition at line 29 of file ft_putnbr_fd.c.

References ft_putnbr_fd().

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ft_putstr_fd()

void ft_putstr_fd	(	char *	s,
		int	fd
	)

Write string at pointer s to file descriptor fd.

Parameters

[in]	s	Pointer to string to write
[in]	fd	File descriptor to write to

Definition at line 28 of file ft_putstr_fd.c.

References ft_strlen().

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ft_split()

char ** ft_split	(	char const *	s,
		char	c
	)

Split string s by characer c into allocated array of strings, with NULL as the last element.

Parameters

[in]	s	Null-terminated string to split
[in]	c	Character to split on

Return values

char**

Allocated array of allocated string pointers, with NULL as the last element

Definition at line 72 of file ft_split.c.

References ft_calloc(), and ft_substr().

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ft_strchr()

char * ft_strchr	(	const char *	s,
		int	c
	)

Finds first occurence of character c in string s.

Check is done as char

Parameters

[in]	s	Null-terminated string haystack to search
[in]	c	int needle to find

Return values

char*

Pointer to first occurence of needle c in haystack s. NULL if none is found before the end of the string.

Definition at line 30 of file ft_strchr.c.

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ft_strdup()

char * ft_strdup

(

const char *

s1

)

Allocates memory for, copies to, and returns a duplicate of s1.

Parameters

[in]

s1

Null-terminated string to copy

Return values

char*

Null-terminated, duplicate string, result of malloc

Definition at line 28 of file ft_strdup.c.

References ft_memcpy(), and ft_strlen().

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ft_striteri()

void ft_striteri	(	char *	s,
		void(*)(unsigned int, char *)	f
	)

Applies function f to each character of string s.

This function iterates from end to start

Parameters

[in,out]	s	Null-terminated string to iterate over
[in]	f	Pointer to a function where the first and second arguments are the index of the current character and a pointer to the current character

Definition at line 31 of file ft_striteri.c.

References ft_strlen().

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ft_strjoin()

char * ft_strjoin	(	char const *	s1,
		char const *	s2
	)

Allocates enough space for and appends string s2 to string s1 and returns the new string.

Parameters

[in]	s1	Null-terminated prefix string
[in]	s2	Null-terminated suffix string

Return values

char*

Null-terminated combination of s1 and s2

Definition at line 30 of file ft_strjoin.c.

References ft_memcpy(), and ft_strlen().

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ft_strlcat()

size_t ft_strlcat	(	char *	dst,
		const char *	src,
		size_t	dstsize
	)

Appends at most dstsize - ft_strlen(dst) - 1 characters of string src to the end of string dst.

Null-terminates dst if dstsize != 0 and ft_strlen(dst) < dstsize

Parameters

[in,out]	dst	Null-terminated string to append to
[in]	src	Null terminated string to append from
[in]	dstsize	Maximum size of the destination after appending

Return values

size_t

Length of the string the function attempted to create

Definition at line 34 of file ft_strlcat.c.

References ft_strlen().

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ft_strlcpy()

size_t ft_strlcpy	(	char *	dst,
		const char *	src,
		size_t	dstsize
	)

Copy at most dstsize - 1 characters from string src into dst.

Null-terminates dst if dstsize != 0

Parameters

[in,out]	dst	Pointer to allocated memory of at least ft_strlen(src) or dstsize size, whichever is smaller
[in]	src	Optionally null-terminated string string
[in]	dstsize	Number of characters to copy, should be no greater than the allocated space at dst

Return values

size_t

Length of src

Definition at line 36 of file ft_strlcpy.c.

References ft_strlen().

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ft_strlen()

size_t ft_strlen

(

const char *

str

)

Get length of str.

Parameters

[in]

str

String to get the length of

Return values

size_t

Length of string starting at pointer str

Definition at line 28 of file ft_strlen.c.

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ft_strmapi()

char * ft_strmapi	(	char const *	s,
		char(*)(unsigned int, char)	f
	)

Allocates and creates a new string from the output of function f processing each character of string s.

This function iterates from end to start

Parameters

[in]	s	Null-terminated string to iterate over
[in]	f	Pointer to a function that returns each character of the new string individually, provided the index and value of each original character

Return values

char*

Null-terminated string populated from successive applications of f. Result of malloc.

Definition at line 34 of file ft_strmapi.c.

References ft_calloc(), and ft_strlen().

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ft_strncmp()

int ft_strncmp	(	const char *	s1,
		const char *	s2,
		size_t	n
	)

Compare up to n characters of string s1 with string s2.

Parameters

[in]	s1	Optionally null-terminated string
[in]	s2	Optionally null-terminated string
[in]	n	Maximum number of characters to compare

Return values

int	Result of subtracting the differing character of s2 from that of s1. If no difference was found in n characters, or before the strings were terminated, returns 0.

Definition at line 33 of file ft_strncmp.c.

ft_strnstr()

char * ft_strnstr	(	const char *	haystack,
		const char *	needle,
		size_t	len
	)

Finds first occurence of needle in string haystack.

Parameters

[in]	haystack	Optionally null-terminated string haystack to search
[in]	needle	Null-terminated string needle to find
[in]	len	Maximum number of bytes to check

Return values

char*

Pointer to the start of the first occurence of needle in haystack. If not found within len characters or before termination of haystack, returns NULL.

Definition at line 33 of file ft_strnstr.c.

ft_strrchr()

char * ft_strrchr	(	const char *	s,
		int	c
	)

Finds last occurence of c in string at s.

Check is done as char

Parameters

[in]	s	Null-terminated string haystack to search
[in]	c	int needle to find

Return values

char*

Pointer to last occurence of needle c in haystack s. NULL if none is found before the end of the string.

Definition at line 30 of file ft_strrchr.c.

ft_strtrim()

char * ft_strtrim	(	char const *	s1,
		char const *	set
	)

Allocates and returns a copy of s1 with any successive characters found in string set removed from the start and end.

Parameters

[in]	s1	Null-terminated string to trim
[in]	set	Null-terminated string containing characters to trim off s1

Return values

char*

Pointer to allocated trimmed string

Definition at line 31 of file ft_strtrim.c.

References ft_strchr(), ft_strlcpy(), and ft_strlen().

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ft_substr()

char * ft_substr	(	char const *	s,
		unsigned int	start,
		size_t	len
	)

Allocates and returns a substring of s, starting at s + start, and ending no later than s + start + len.

Parameters

[in]	s	Null-terminated string to make a substring of
[in]	start	Position from s at which to start
[in]	len	Maximum length of the substring to make

Return values

char*

Pointer to allocated null-terminated substring

Definition at line 32 of file ft_substr.c.

References ft_calloc(), ft_strlcpy(), and ft_strlen().

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ft_tolower()

int ft_tolower

(

int

c

)

Convert uppercase letter to corresponding lowercase letter.

Parameters

[in]

c

Character to convert

Return values

int	If c is an uppercase letter character, returns the integer representation of the corresponding lowercase letter character, otherwise returns c.

Definition at line 28 of file ft_tolower.c.

ft_toupper()

int ft_toupper

(

int

c

)

Convert lowercase letter to corresponding uppercase letter.

Parameters

[in]

c

Character to convert

Return values

int	If c is a lowercase letter character, returns the integer representation of the corresponding uppercase letter character, otherwise returns c.

Definition at line 28 of file ft_toupper.c.